classification of dyes slideshare

The dye users, however, prefer the latter approach to of classification according to application method. dyes cannot be applied directly on the fibers as dyes. and (14)C-determination. Synthetic dyes It develops staining properly after oxidation. Primary disazo dyes are produced by bisdiazotisation of bifunctional disazo component D and coupling to two equivalents of coupling components C 1 and C 2, or by reacting two equivalents of a diazo component with one bifunctional coupling partner; they are schematically . Branches of Toxicology. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents are categorised according to the following specific features: chemical composition including the presence or absence of metal atoms, route of administration, magnetic properties, effect on the magnetic resonance image, biodistribution and imaging applications. In the case of disazo dyes it is necessary to distinguish between primary and secondary types. March 12, 2021 by Mazharul Islam Kiron. Dye Solubility Test: In this test, an emulsion is mixed with a water-soluble dye (amaranth) and observed under the microscope. These hydrocarbons make up to 98% of natural crude rubber. • "Basic dyes" dye wool & silk from a dye bath containing acid but dye cotton fibres only in the presence of a mordant usually a metallic salt that increases affinity of the fabric for the dye. The majority of these agents are either paramagnetic ion complexes or . 1.1: Prokaryote Cell Fig. Acidic dyes Electrophoresis: Overview, Principles and Types. Metalized dyes are usually available thinned with acetone (methanol was once used) and ready to . This is because it is a classification based on the dye's source and colour, and it contains no chemical information, nor does it imply that dyes with similar names but unique numbers are in . As it is a mordant dye, it produces brightly colored insoluble complexes or lakes with metal ions present on the mordanted fabric. • Basic dyes include the most brilliant of all the synthetic dyes known, but unfortunately they have very poor light & wash fastness. Properties. Classification. you choose a product that uses the right active ingredient for your color. ; Various important biomolecules such as peptides, amino acids, proteins, nucleic acid and nucleotides has ionizable groups and they exist in solution as electrically charged particles either as cations or as anions at any . Professor Bassam El Ali 23 CONSTITUENTS OF PAINTS The Classification of Pigments Pigments, which can be organic or inorganic in origin, have been classified in a variety of ways, such as: color, This is a common type of paper requested in high school and college, but it's present in higher levels of education, too. Electrophoresis involves the migration of charged particle or molecules under the influence of an applied electric field. Classification by application or usage is the principal system adopted by the Color Index (C.I.). They have better substantivity. ADVERTISEMENTS: Read this article to learn about Air Pollutants:- 1. These cavity classifications are used when recording on the patient's chart the type of caries found on the . These. E.g. Learn more about the properties, uses, and development of dyes in this article. Carmine: It is a scarlet dye made from the ground bodies of cochineal beetles. If the continuous phase appears red, it means that the emulsion is o/w type as water is in the external phase and the dye will dissolve in it to give colour. ON THE BASIS OF SOURCE: (a) Natural dyes: Natural dyes are dyes or colorants derived from plants, invertebrates, or minerals. It develops staining properly after oxidation. However, they are classified in different […] Reactive dyes are so-called because this is the only type of dye . September 24, 2021. 2013). Mohammad Zillane Patwary. There are many sources of natural dyes in the Universe. Disazo direct dyes. The introduction of mauve in 1857 triggered the decline in the dominance of natural dyes in world markets. 3.3 Jig Dyeing. Classification of bacteria • Bergey's manual • Morphology • Differential staining • Biochemical tests • Serology • Western Blot gnip tyeg•Pah • Amino acid sequencing •PAGE • Base composition of nucleic acid • DNA fingerprinting •PCR • Nucleic Acid hybridization yrtmeot cwyo•Fl Recipe. Before staining a sample, it must be fixed. Acid dyes have molecular weights in the range 300-1000 g mol -1. A dye, on the other hand, may impart an intense color to the surface but remain transparent and generally their light fastness is fairly poor. Types of culture media-classification Types of culture media The food material or substances required for growing microorganisms in vitro (outside the body) is called culture medium. Dyes-Alfa Chemistry - Dyes are colored organic compounds that can dye fibers or other substrates to a certain color. • dye or metal complex - x %. Synthetic dyes are sometimes referred to as 'coal tar dyes', since they are manufactured from substances which, until recently, were only obtained from coal tar. Textiles may be dyed as fiber, as yarn, as fabric or as garments, depending on the type of fabric or garment produced. Gram-Positive bacteria have thick, dense, relatively non-porous walls, while Gram-Negative bacteria have thin walls surrounded by lipid-rich . 3.2 Jet Dyeing. Fundamentals of evaluation of dyestuff; Selection of Plant sources for dye extraction; Methods of . Metal-Complex (Metalized) Dye Stain. The present review gives an overview of recent developments in the known azoreductase enzymes from different microorganisms, its novel classification scheme, significant characteristics, and their plausible degradation mechanisms. of Nepthol Dyes Azoic Dyes are classified either according to the fibers for which these can be used economically or the methods by which these dyes are applied. It includes the study of mode of action of poison, symptoms of poison and treatments associated with poisoning along with their detection in biological system. Simple staining is one step method using only one dye. So dye is the main thinking of dyeing. Purpose of Staining 3. Classification based on the source of materials • A very common classification of the dyestuff is based on the source from which it is made. • Formic acid (85%) - 4 %. Classification of Dyes 1. Reactive dye is a class of dye that makes a covalent bond with the fiber and becomes an integral part of the fiber. majority of the natural dyes came from either plants or animals. The surface of bacteria at pH 7 repels such dyes and thus only the background is stained. Accordingly the classification could be: 1. These are usually used to dye cellulosic fibers such as cotton, rayon, or flax, but polyamide, wool, silk, and acetate fibers can also be dyed using reactive dyes. Many dyes, however, require the use of a mordant, a chemical compound that reacts with the stain to form an insoluble, coloured precipitate. Dyeing can be done during any stage in the manufacture of textile product. Electrolyte is must for exhaustion of dyes in the fiber. Actually, these dyes are produced within the fibers itself. Explain how serological tests and phage typing can be used to identify an unknown bacterium. Textile industries are very useful for human being but these are destroying eco system because of generation of huge wastewater containing toxic substances. 4.1 Types of Dyed Garments. Classification of Natural dyes; Relation between Color and Constitution; How safe is Natural dye. Haemotoxylin : This is the most popular dye used as a nuclear stain. Urine and feces, and two-hour bile samples from adult male rats dosed with (14)C-diphenylmethane were analyzed for benzhydrol and 2- and 4-hydroxydiphenyl-methane by silica gel GF t.l.c. Overall wash fastness of acid dye is poor, though light fastness is quite good. Toxicology deals with the study of adverse effects of chemical substances on biological system due to their exposure. Classification of Air Pollutants 2. Dyes Gaseous Formaldehyde Ethylene oxide Plasma 4.3.1 Heat Sterilization Heat sterilization is the most widely used and reliable method of sterilization, involving destruction of enzymes and other essential cell constituents. These dyes are thereby specifically identified as dyes of the stated colour, but it does not specify whether the dyes are derived from animals or plants. DYES AND ITS CLASSIFICATION 13bch059 Viren Parwani 13bch060 Sunny Vyas 2. 3. It is derived from the long tree mainly found in Mexico. 3.4 Pad Dyeing. dye - dye - Synthetic dyes: In 1856 the first commercially successful synthetic dye, mauve, was serendipitously discovered by British chemist William H. Perkin, who recognized and quickly exploited its commercial significance. Professor Bassam El Ali 23 CONSTITUENTS OF PAINTS The Classification of Pigments Pigments, which can be organic or inorganic in origin, have been classified in a variety of ways, such as: color, Natural dyes are dyes or colorants derived from plants, invertebrates, or minerals. Black originally devised five classifications, but a sixth was later added. Leveling acid dyes and Lancet acid dyes are the two popular types of acid dyes. They create ionic bonds with fibre, hydrogen bond and Vander waals force of attraction also contributes. Introduction • Dyes are colored organic compounds that are used to impart color to various substrates, including paper, leather, fur, hair, drugs, cosmetics, waxes, greases, plastics and textile materials. Natural dyes have been used as a means to colour textiles for centuries. Hair cosmetics are an important tool that helps to increase patient's adhesion to alopecia and scalp treatments. This is true to some sense but . Dye is usually extracted by boiling dried root chips or stem pieces with water but sometimes, these are merely steeped in cold water for few hours. Authors: Taha Bin Yahya Maaz Wasim Khan Akram Ali National Textile University, Faisalabad, Pakistan Email: tahabinyahya@gmail.com . The dye anion is the active colored component in these dyes. All these compounds are derivatives of the hydrocarbon benzene (C 6 H 6), which consists of 6 carbon atoms at the corners of an equal-sided hexagon, with a hydrogen atom attached to each carbon atom (see Figure 17.1a). Basic dyes B. • The majority of natural dyes are vegetable dyes from plant sources. dye is also present in the stems and other parts of the plant. type. • Other organic sources include fungi and lichens. Describe how staining and biochemical tests are used to identify bacteria. 3.5 Beam Dyeing. Classification of Natural Dyes based on . No dye will dye all textile fabrics satisfactorily. Mordant dyes require the addition of . All-Purpose Dyes. From the classification, it is evident that the behavior of these particles is purely based on shapes, sizes, morphologies, and dimensions. chromophore is a chemical group that imparts color to benzene. For this production, first the fiber is . Read article about Application of Natural Dyes: Natural dyes, Eco Friendly Natural Dyes use in the coloration of textiles, foods, drugs, and cosmetics. 3. Module - 6 (Dyes) Classification, Colour and constitution; Mordant and Vat Dyes; Chemistry of dyeing; Synthesis and applications of: Azo dyes - Methyl Orange and Congo Red (mechanism of Diazo Coupling); Triphenyl Methane Dyes -Malachite Green, Rosaniline and Crystal Violet; Phthalein Dyes - Phenolphthalein and Fluorescein. The insect must be crushed and the dye is refined from the remains of the insect. The difference in dye retention is dependent on such physical properties as thickness, density, porosity, and integrity of the bacterial cell wall, as well as, to some extent, the chemical composition. Different types of dryers. Other important dyes A number of other classes of dyes have also been established, that includes the following: • Fluorescent Dyes - A very innovative dye. ADVERTISEMENTS: In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Classification of Technical Textiles with Applications. Reactive Dyes: Classification, Dyeing Mechanism, Application & Stripping. February 17, 2012 Dyes and Chemicals Classification of dye, Dyes and pigments, What is dye Engr. Knowing Gram positive or Gram negative helps prescribe appropriate antibiotic. In this article possible sources of natural dyes are discussed (2008 . Explain the purpose of Bergey'sManual. It is a mixture of different types of dyes in which direct dye is combined with acid dye to make a new dye, which is suitable for a range of fabrics. To save our environment there is no alternative of natural dye. Carmine: It is a scarlet dye made from the ground bodies of cochineal beetles. The entire dyes used till the latter half of the nineteenth century were made of different parts of plants and animals. The majority of natural dyes are vegetable dyes from plant sources ± roots, berries, bark, leaves, and wood ² and other organic sources such as fungi and lichens. Reportedly, 70,000 insects are The process is more effective in hydrated state where under conditions of high Advantages and Disadvantages of Nanomaterials. Black's Classification of dental caries is the standard method used in identification of carious lesions according to its location on the tooth surface. For example, a major dye discovered by the Aztec or Mayan Indians was 'cochineal'. Meaning of Stains: A stain is any colouring organic compound that, when combined with another substance, imparts a colour to that substance. The molecular formula for these compounds is CxHy. Classification of dyes 1. 4 Garment Dyeing. Synthetic dyes Interestingly, a white-rot fungus (Trametes versicolor) when used as a bio-barrier brought about 97 % degradation of Orange G dye in an artificial laboratory-scale aquifer, thus demonstrating the potentials of the fungus for use as a barrier (PRB) in natural aquifers (Folch et al. This article reviews the formulations and the mode of action of hair cosmetics: Shampoos, conditioners, hair straightening products, hair dyes and henna; regarding their prescription and safetiness. Dyes may be classified in several ways (e.g., according to the chemical constitution, application class, end-use). A weakness of dye is that it fades fairly quickly in UV light, so a more fade-resistant dye was developed in the 1950s called "metal-complex," or "metalized" dye. This dye still fades, just not as rapidly. It is a weak dye and to make it give sharp stain a mordant is needed 2. The colored ion is called the chromophore. Meaning of Stains 2. A dye, on the other hand, may impart an intense color to the surface but remain transparent and generally their light fastness is fairly poor. Dye, substance used to impart color to textiles, paper, leather, and other materials such that the coloring is not readily altered by washing, heat, light, or other factors to which the material is likely to be exposed. Classification of Air Pollutants The variety of matter emitted into the atmosphere by natural and anthropogenic sources is so diverse that it is difficult to classify air pollutants neatly. Many of the dyes used on cotton are azo dyes (e.g., fiber reactive, direct, azoic). Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Stains are salts composed of a positive ion (cation) and a negative ion (anion). Table 6 lists the major dye classes, fixation rates, and the types of fibers for which they have an affinity. A few are stibene . 4. URGENT!!!! For example, Carotenes is an organic pigment which is found in green leaves and carrots. and then . Classification. They have better wash and light fastness properties. Different types of dryers are available in market like vacuum tray dryer, ANFD, Spray dryer, tray dryer, we need select suitable dryer as per our process requirement.We can study classification of dryers in details .. Drying is a process where we can dry the material by direct and indirect heating . It is important to grow microorganisms outside the body for the following purposes: 1. to identify the cause of infection from the clinical sample, so that proper treatment can… If the scattered globules appear red and continuous phase . A stain is an organic compound containing a benzene ring plus a chromophore and an auxochrome group. Natural Dyes • Natural dyes are dyes or colorants derived from plants, invertebrates, or minerals. United States Indigo Dye Industry 2016 - Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends and Forecast - United States Indigo Dye Industry 2016 Deep Market Research Report offers an in-depth analysis overview of the industry dynamics, current and future market trends, profile of key manufacturers, detailed segmentation and forecast along with the strategies adopted by key market players to consolidate . • Glablur salt - 10 %. • Natural Dyes • Synthetic Dyes 5. Preparation. Chemical structure: Most of the dyes belong to azo dye class- Monoazo dyes (Diamine scarlet); Diazo dyes (Congo red); Triazo dyes (Direct brown); Polyazo dyes (Chlorazol dyes). Mean values of 48.4% and 17.7% of the administered (14)C were present in 24 hr urine and feces, respectively. Basic dyes are used in direct stain and acidic dye is used in negative stain. • They have affinity for cellulosic materials and possess property of dyeing the cellulosic materials with some resistance to removal by a subsequent washing 4/20/2012 Dr. Tanveer Hussain 3 Classification of direct dyes-I • Based on Chemistry - Azoic dyes • Derived from amine diphenyleamine • Derived from bezidine - Thiozol dyes 4 . Toxicology: Classification of Poisons. It is a weak dye and to make it give sharp stain a mordant is needed 2. When excess dye solution is washed away, the mordanted stain remains. Toxicity of Natural dyes; Synthetic dyestuff vs Natural dyestuff; Oxidation of Colors; Medicinal Properties of Natural dyes; Evaluation of Dyestuff. In the 16th century organic compounds were isolated from nature in the pure state (Scheele, 1769) and analytical methods were developed for determination of elemental composition (Lavoisier, 1784). View impactofcovidonindianstockmarket-201030063110.pdf from BS PSYCHOL 101 at University of Management & Technology, Lahore. STAINS AND DYES A dye is a general-purpose coloring agent, whereas a stain is used for coloring biological material. The reactive dyes constitute the most commonly used class of dyes . It is a relatively bright red that is obtained from the body of the cochineal insect. Direct dyes will require different ingredients from permanent dyes. Compare and contrast classification and identification. The advantages of the nanomaterials are: The small size of these materials offers the possibilities of manipulation easier, and multiple functions can be . In this dyeing process, first of all set the dye bath with the help of dyeing recipe and then after 5 mint interduce the goods in dye bath and temperature should be at 60°C. 1.2: Eukaryote Cell Difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells SDC classification based on dyes' levelling ability and their response to increase in the dyeing temperature and to added salt during exhaust dyeing. 3. Table 34.1 : Classification of some dyes on the basis of their constitution Dye type Characteristic Typical examples Structural unit (1) Nitro dyes - NO 2 OH NO 2 NO2 Martius yellow (2, 4-dinitro-l-naphthol) (2) Azo dyes -N = N- Na O S N = N N (CH3)2 + Methyl orange (3) Phthalein dyes O O O C C O O OH OH Phenolphthalein C C 1. The other type of dyes, the anionic dye, has a negatively charged chromophore. Gram negative bacteria release the first dye used and appear red from the second (counter) dye. They form strong co-valent bond with the cellulosic fiber. They can be divided into the following categories: Acid Dyes, Azoic Dyes, Basic Dyes, Direct Dyes, Cationic Dyes, Disperse Dyes, Neutral Dyes, Pigments, Reactive Dyes, Solvent Dyes and so on. The stain is named for H. C. J. Gram, a Danish physician who invented it in 1884. Without dyes it's not possible to dye materials. Global Water-Soluble Dye Market 2014 Size, Share, Growth, Trends, Demand and Forecast - Global Water-Soluble Dye Industry 2014 Market Research Report Report Overview 2014 Market Research Report on Global Water-Soluble Dye Industry was a professional and depth research report that you would know the world's major regional market conditions of Water-Soluble Dye industry, the main region . Bright red that is obtained from the ground bodies of cochineal beetles against a dark.... Could be: 1 properties of natural dye C.I. ) two cell. And development of dyes • No single class of dye, it be. 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